Price-indicating scale.



PATENTED SEPT. 27, 1904.

I. C. KUEHNE. PRICE INDIGATING SCALE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 13.1897. BBNLWLD APR. 17, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED SEPT. 27, 1904.

I. C. KOEHNE. PRICE INDICATING SCALE.

INVENTOF!` l 'l l] /f i f' APPLICATION FILED JULY 13| 1897. RBNBWED APR. 17, 1902. N0 MODEL.

APTENTED SEPT. 27, 1904 I. C. KOEHNE. PRICE INDIGATING SCALE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13. 1897. RENEWED APR. 17, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

NO MODEL.

Inventor.

vVtnesSeSz PATENTED SEPT. 27, 1904.

I. C. KOEHNE.

PRICE INDICATING SCALE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 13.1897. RENBWBD APR. 17. 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

Inventor.

Witnesses:

ward the left.

UNITED STATES Patented September 27, 1904.

PATENT OEErcE.

IRA C. KOEHNE,

OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- OHIO.

PRICE-INDICATING SCALE.

SPECIFICATON forming part of Letters Patent N o. 770,810,

Application filed July 13, 1897. Renewed Aprl17, 1902. Serial No. 103,429.

To all 107mm, 7325 may concern.:

Be it known that I, IRA C. KOEHNE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus. in the county of Franklin, State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Price-Indicating Scales; and I do hereby declare that the following` is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same when this exclusive grant shall have expired.

My present invention relates, first, to an improved means for automatically increasing the capacity of price-indicating machines, being an improvement on the constructions shown in my Letters Patent No. 591,629, dated October 12, 1897; secondly, to theA various combinations necessary to the embodiment of said means in a complete machine; thirdly, to a new means for automatically stopping the weight-counterbalancing and price-indicating mechanisms when said latter mechanism indicates the value of the article; fourthly, to a new means for taking tare-weights; ifthly, to a novel weight-counterbalancing and other mechanisms, novel and useful constructions, and new modes of operation of the various parts and combinations, all as will be hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the annexed claims.

Referring to the accompanying' drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a simple lever-scale embodying' my invention and showing the hase in section. F ig. 2 is an enlarged central vertical section of the same with the platform removed. Fig. 3 is an end elevation from the left-hand end of the machine in Fig. 1 and having portions of the end framework broken away to show parts beneath. Fig. 4 is a section on line X X of Fig. 2 and looking toi Fig. 5 is a front elevation of a portion of the movable indicator-screen. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a portion of the periphery of the value-indicating cylinder rolled out upon a straight surface. Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view of a portion of the end of the machine on line Y Y of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the retaining-lever and its fuldated september 27, 1904.

(No model.)

Crum-pivot. Fig. 9 is a plan view of one of the operating-knobs, illustrating the mechanism for adjusting the counterbalance mechanism for tare-weight; and Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, 17,18, 19, 20, and 21, Sheet 1, illustrate details of construction hereinafter more particularly referred to.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate like parts throughout the description and the several views of the drawings.

In the drawings, 2 represents the base-casting of the scale, provided on its top with a rigid U-shaped standard 3, having bearingseats in its top to accommodate the knifeedged pivots 4 and 5, rigidly mounted in connected beams 6 and 7, repectively. (See Figs. 1 and 3.) These beams 6 and 7 are located some distance apart and are connected together at their ends by circular end pieces 8 and 9. Mounted to turn freely in bearings formed about the center of these end pieces 3 and 9 is a screw-threaded shaft 10, having operating-knobs 11 and 12 secured to the respcctive ends of said shaft, which project beyond said end pieces. Mounted upon the threaded portion of the shaft 10 is a weight 13, having internal threads which engage with the threads on said shaft for reciprocating said weight in proportion to the revoluble movement of said shaft 10. Rigidly mounted in the end piece 9 4are two guideways 14 and 15, which pass through suitable guide-openings in weight 13 for preventing the revoluble movement of said weight 13 and compelling the same to move laterally upon said guideways 14 and 15 proportionate to the revoluble movement of said shaft 10. For the purpose of preventing any lost motion between shaft 10 and weight 13 a disk 16, Fig. 2, having internal screw-threads fitting the threads upon shaft 10, is movably mounted in a recess in said weight 13 and is compelled to move laterally therewith by retaining projections attached to the weight 13, such as screws 17 in this instance, which permit only a revoluble movement of said disk 16 with reference to the weight 13. Said weight 13 and disk 16 are connected together by a spring 18, having one end secured to said disk and the other to said weight. The tension of spring 18 causes disk 16'to revolve slightly, so as to take up any looseness which there may be between the threads upon shaft 10 and those in the weight 13 and disk 16. Mounted upon the unthreaded portion of shaft 10 is a sleeve 19, carrying rigid therewith supports 2O and 21, having rigidly attached to their peripheries one end of a value-indicating cylinder 22, while the other end of said value-indicating cylinder is rigidly attached to the periphery of a ring 23, mounted to turn freely upon a bearing formed upon the end casting 9.

Attached to the peripheries of the end pieces 8 and 9 is a cylindrical covering 24, having a' longitudinal slot 25 therein (see Figs. 1, 3, and 4) for exposing the value-indicating characters upon the cylinder 22. Formed in peripherical rows about the cylinder 22 are a series of sets of value-indicating characters for each different rate per unit shown upon an inclined price-per-unit scale 26, secured to beam 6 and extending parallel with and adjacent to said opening 25. The several rows of value characters forming a set of value indications for each dierent rate per unit are formed as follows: The first row begins at Zero and extends in the instance shown by regular increments to, say, for example, the value of five pounds of the article at the desired price or rate per pound. (See Fig. 6.) At live cents per pound this would be 25, which would in the instance shown constitute one full revolution of said cylinder, and since one full revolution would bring said number 25 immediately over the zero with which said first row of value characters commenced this 25 is omitted from said first row and forms the beginning of the second row, which beginning is in line with or opposite the Zero of the lirst row. (See Fig. 6, the row of graduations at the right. This second row of graduations, which commenced at L25] would in this instance run parallel with said first row and in evenly-disposed graduations or characters representing increments in the instance shown of a cent up to 50, and were a third row of graduations employed said 50 would constitute in the instance shown the beginning of said third row. The sleeve 19 is attached to the shaft 10, and consequently when shaft 10 is rotated the cylinder 22 is revolved therewith, and the several rows of value-indicating characters thereon for each different price per pound are exposed through the slot 25 in casing 24.

vIndependent of said indicating mechanism and likewise independent of said counterbalancing mechanism I mount upon the scalebeam a member or means for controlling the exposure ofthe sets of value indications. This is accomplished in the scale shown in the drawings, Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5, by a movable screen 27, mounted to move immediately beneath the opening 25, while a series of exposing-openings 28 and 29 are formed in said screen 27, one opening, 28,4for exposing each first rowof value-indicating characters upon the cylinder 22, while upon a higher plane are the openings 29, formed in screen 27 and occupying a position intermediately above said openings 28. In this instance the screen 27 is rigidly attached at its ends to counterbalanced arms 30 and 31, mounted to turn freely upon bearings on sleeve 19 and the end casting 9, respectively. (See Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 7.) Rigidly attached to sleeve 19, so as to occupy a position intermediate the arm 30 and the end casting 8, is a one-toothed lock-gear 32, Figs. 2, 3, and 7, while pivoted to the end casting 8 is a lock-gear 33, mating with and driven by said gear 32. (See Figs. 3, 7, 16, 17, 18, and 19.) Projecting from the gear 33 is a rigid pin 34, engaging in slot 35, formed in arm 30. (See Figs. 3, 18, and 19.) Formed in the casing 24 is a slot or indicating-opening .36, parallel with and slightly above the opening 25, and a projection 37, formed on said movable screen 27, is adapted to close said slot 36. Formed on this projection 37 are two series of indicating characters, the first or lower series in Fig. 5 being adapted to be exposed when said first row of value characters on cylinder 22 are being exposed through their diferent openings 28 in the screen 27 while said upper row of characters are adapted to be exposed through slot 36 when said second rows of value-indicating characters are being exposed through their openings 29. It will thus be apparent that my invention provides a set or sets of indications for the ordinary indicating capacity of the scale and one or more supplemental sets of indications for supplementing said ordinary indicating capacity and counterbalancing means coperating with said ordinary set or said supplemental set or sets of indications, accordingly as the indication exceeds or is within the ordinary indicating capacity of the scale, and that such cooperation is effected automatically by the counterbalancing means accordingly as said means is counterbalancing the gravity of loads exceedingor within the ordinary indicating capacity of the scale. These sets of indications are carried by one member and are adapted to be exposed to view through an indicating opening or openings in another member, and means are provided intermediate said counterbalancing means and one of said members for relatively moving said members when said counterbalancing means is counterbalancing in excess of the ordinary indicating capacity of the scale, and when the indications in each set of characters are effected by the relative movement of said members proportionate to the ordinary indicating and its corresponding counterbalancing capacity, an instance of which construction being shown in these drawings, then the indication of the characters in-either the ordinary IOO IIO

ISO

or supplemental sets of indications is effected by an independent relative movement of said members.

For the purpose of distinguishing; the several rows of value -indicating characters around the cylinder 22 for each different price per pound each different row is designated in the drawings as being formed of a different color, the lirst row of value characters for each different price per pound being formed in this instance in vblack characters, while the second row of value characters for each different price per pound are formed in red characters, represented in the drawings by lighter or double-lined figures.

To the left of pivots 4 and 5, Fig. 1, are rigidly mounted pivots 38 and 39, respectively, in beams 6 and 7, the knife-edges of said pivots facing upward. Supported upon the knife-edges of these pivots is a connection 40, extending from pivot 38, Figs. 1 and 3. beneath and about three-quarters around said casing 24, where said connection'40 terminates in a short vertical projection, upon which is rigidly secured the platform or weight-receiving member 41. Extending vertically downward from the connection 40 is an integral arm 42, terminating in a bifurcated end projecting through an opening 43 in base 2 and into the cavity formed by the base-casting 2. Mounted `within the cavity formed by the base-casting 2 is a retaining-lever 44, having a rigid fulcrum-pivot substantially vertically below and in line with the pivots 4 and 5, said fulcrum-pivot of the retaining-lever being provided with a suitable bearing formed with or attached to the base-casting 2. Rig-idly carried by the left-hand end in Fig. 1 of retaining-lever 44 is a retaining-pivot 45 of diamond-shaped form and having each of its edges a knife-edge. Said pivot 45 engages in bearings formed in the bifurcated end of arm 42, (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 8,) said bearings being formed of a series of V-shaped seats 46, one for each knife-edge in pivot 45, which thus forms substantially an oetagonal-shaped openingI in which said pivot 45 freely rests in such manner that it is impossible for more than one of the knife-edges upon pivot 45 to bear in their V-shaped seats 46 at one time. To the right in Figs. 1 and 8 there extends from the fulcrum of retaining-lever 44 an integral arm 47, terminating in a weighted end 48, which arm 47 and weight 48 are of sufiicient weight to exactly counterbalance the weight of'retaining-lever 44 and its rigid pivot 45 for the special object of readily permitting the knife-edges of pivot 45 to alternately seat themselves in their respective V-shaped seats 46 with freedom and ease whenever lateral strains are applied to the connection 40, caused by placing a weight to the right or left in Fig. 1 of the'center of platform 41, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. This Sort of'manipulation does in the least the accuracy of the weights when the retaining-lever is constructed with my rigid fulcrum-pivot and my rigid retainingpivot. rlhis is believed to be new in theart, and it materially improves the accuracy of scales to which it is applied.

The fulcrum-pivot of the retaining-lever 44 is preferably constructed as follows, (but when cheapness of construction is desired said fulcrum may be formed similar Ato retainingpivot 45, lhaving a bearing composed of a series of V-shaped seats similar to 46:) Said fulcrum-pivot for the retaining-lever 44 consists of knife-edges 49, 50, and 51, arranged in line with each other, said knife-edge 51 being between the other two and pointing in an opposite direction. Said knife-edges 49. 50, and 51 are either integral with orattached to each other. The knife-edges 49 and 50 (see Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 8) are provided with V-shaped bearings in arms 52, secured to the base-easting 2, while the knife-edge 51 bears against the fiat surface of an arm 53, secured to the arms 52, (see dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2,) the line of the knife-edges of pivots 49, 5() and 51 being in line with and vertically below the knife-edges of pivots 4 and 5.

Upon the connecting-rod 40 in Figs. 1 and 2 is secured an indicating-needle 54, projecting into a slot 55, formed in a projection of the base-casting 2, for the purpose of indicating the balance of the scale, as well as'limiting the movement thereof.

Vhenit is desired to make a particularly accurate, durable, and sensitive scale, the bearing-seats for the knife-edges of pivots 4 and 5 and 88 and 39 are preferably formed as follows, reference being had to Figs. 1, 4, 10, 11,12, 13,14, and 15: In the standard 3 and the connecting-rod 40 are formed recesses 56, having convex sides 57 and a convex bottom 58. (SeeFigs. 10 to 13.) Fitted into these recesses 56 are portions 59, Figs. 13 to 15. r1`heseportions 59 are adapted to rest freely upon the convex surfacesof said recesses and are retained loosely in such position by screws or pins 60, projecting at an angle from the top of the convexed sides 5T of recesses 56 and engaging in recesses 61, formed in the respective edges of the portions 59, which portions 59 are formed either of steel or agate, as desired.. The recesses 61 in portions 59 arcv slightly larger than the diameter of the ends of the screw 60, which fit into .said recesses, which permits the portions 59 toV have a'slight movement to accommodate any difference of the surface of the knife-edges and insure said knife-edges 4 and 5 and 38 and 39 having an even bearing the full length of their seats in the portions 59.

The sleeve 19, Fig. 2, is loose upon the shaft 10, while the operating-knobs 11-and 12 are rigidly vsecured to said shaft. Upon the hub of operating-knob 11 is formed a-worm-gear not affect i 62, Figs. 2 and 9, 1n mesh with a worm 63,'

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ISO

said pivots by a knife-edged shoulder 71, ta-

rigid on shaft 64, bearing in lugs 65, prol jecting from the extreme outer end of sleeve l 19. Upon the extreme outer end of shaft 64 is rigidly secured an operating-wheel 66. rlhis mechanism is for the purpose of counterbalancing tare-weights and for correcting the balance of the scale whenever said balance becomes imperfect for any reason, as will hereinafter be more fully explained. AFormed upon the peripheries of the support 21 and the ring 23, Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 7, are a series of teeth 67, Fig. 20, preferably formed of square projections terminating in beveled edges, as shown in Fig'. 20. Mounted upon the respective ends of the base-casting2 are rigid upward projections 68, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 20, having a series of teeth 69 formed in their extreme upper edges, said teeth 69 being of the same formation as the-teeth 67 on the peripheries of the support 21 and the ring 23 and adapted to interlock therewith when the proper balance has been obtained, as hereinafter more fully explained. The indicating-cylinder 22 is preferably provided with aset of characters indieating weight in pounds and ounces and other sets of characters (main and supplemental) indicating value at different rates per unit of weight, as indicated upon the price-per-unit scale 26.

The knife-edges of pivots 4 and 5 and 3S and 39 are formed of a knife-edge 70, formed below the surface of the ordinary edge of said pivot. (See Figs. 1, 4, and 21.) Said knifeedge 7 O is connected to the ordinary edge of pering abruptly from said knife-edge 70. The knife-edge 70 rests in the V-shaped seats in the portions 59, while the shoulder 71, Fig. 21, bears against the inner edges of portion 59 for preventing any end thrusts upon said pivots and for preventing any end thrust that occurs from destroying the sensitiveness of the scale. This shoulder 71 constitutes an antifriction-bearing located inY proximity to the knife-edgesV for'reducing friction occasioned by end thrust or pressure longitudinally of the axis of said knife-edges.

.The bearing portions 59 in the top of standard 3 if left uncovered would readily fill with dust and other sediment, which would impair the sensitiveness of the scale. I therefore attach a hood 72 by screws 73 to the top of standard 3, so as to protect and cover the bearing portions 59. The knife-edged pivots 4 and V5 in the instance shown do not touch the hood 72 and are perfectly squarev on their outer ends. Ineaeh of the hoods 72 is formed a sight-opening 74, Figs.-1, 4, and 21, in this instance slightly larger than the portions 59, said sight-opening being' substantially the height of the portions 59 and their knifeedged bearings 4 and 5, the action of which said sight-opening is adapted to expose as well as to indicate the quality and finish of agate or steel forming the portions 59 and the quality and finish of ysteel in the knife-edged pivots 4 and 5, and at the same time said side opening forms a continuous opening through the bearing to permit the dirt and dust carried by currents of air to pass through said bearing and not accumulate therein.

The first and second forms of my invention are embodied in the present instance in the following previously-described parts: A valueindicating cylinder 22, having' a series of sets of value characters thereon for each d ifl'erentrate per unit and suitable mechanism for counterbalancing weight proportionate to the movement of said cylinder 22; a movable screen 27 for said cylinder and having exposing-openings 28 and 29 in diiferent planes, one opening for each set of characters upon said cylinder 22; a casing 24 for cylinder 22; an indicating-slot 25 therein; an inclined price-indicating scale 26 adjacent to slot 25; a one-toothed lock-gear 32, driven by the cylinder 22; a lock-gear 33, pivoted to end casting S and meshing with gear 32; a pin 34 on lock-gear 33 and engaging in slot 35, formed in the arm 30, which carries the movable screen 27. (See Figs. 3, 4, 5, 7, and 19.)

The operation of the first and second forms of my invention will now be described, reference being had to these same figures of the drawings. In the normal position of cylinder 22 Zero is shown through openings 23 and 25 (see Figs. 1, 4, and 5) opposite each different rate per unit indicated by the scale 26, and the first set or row of value characters on said cylinder 22 for each different rate per unit indicates through these same openings. Just as cylinder 22 completes its first revolution in indicating the value of an article the one tooth-upon lock -wheel 32 (see Fig. 3) engages with its mating' gear 33 and revolves the same one division, which causes its pin 34 to operate the movable screen 27 and bring the openings 29 to register with the slot 25, and thus expose the second row or set of characters upon cylinder 22. It is obvious that any number of different rows or sets of characters may be employed upon cylinder 22 witha corresponding number of exposingopenings located in different planes in screen 27 without departure from the spirit and scope of this invention, and it is also clear that the claims for this feature of the present invention should be given a broad and liberal interpretation.

' The embodiment of the third form of my invention and the operation of the same will now be described, reference being had to Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 20. For the purpose of this third form the weight-counterbalancing and the price-indicating mechanisms are operatively connected together and carried by a fulcrumed lever or beam. Mounted upon either or both ends of this fulcrumed beam or lever is a revoluble member provided with teeth 67, said member being driven by the weight-countei-balancing and priceindicating mechanisms. AThe operating-knobs 11 and 12 are operatively connected to the weig'ht-counterbalancing and the price-indicating' mechanisms, which in turn rotate the member or members provided with the teeth 67. In operating' the same with one hand exert sufhcient pressure on the beam to disengage the teeth and projections 68 69. Then give either knob ll or l2 a sudden revoluble movement, and the momentum of the weight-counterbalancing and the price-indicating mechanisms will prolong such revoluble movement until the weight of the article has been counterbalanced, at which moment the fulcrumed beam or lever carrying said mechanisms tilts or balances and brings the teeth 69 on projection 68 into engagement with the teeth 67 on one of the revoluble members, which engagement suddenly stops the movement of the weight-counterbalancing` and price-indicating' mechanisms at the moment when the weig'ht of the article is counterbalanced and its value or price indicated by the said priceindicatingmechanism. Obviously the teeth and projections 68 69 may be omitted at either end of the beam, and their particular location is not important, as it is obvious that they may be located at any point found most convenient to accomplish the results desired. This result has never before been accomplished in this art, and the claims therefore should be given a proportionately broad and liberal interpretation. I

rI`he embodiment of the fourth form of my invention and the operation of the same will now be described, reference being had to Figs. l, 2, 3, and 9. Likewise will the embodiment and operation of the fifth form of my invention be described. The rotation of shaft l0 by knobs ll and 12 causes the weight I3 to move longitudinally proportionate to the revoluble movement of said shaft, as well as the cylinder 22 to revolve by reason of its rigid connection to said shaft IO. The cylinder 22 will thus indicate the weight and value of an article, while the weig'ht 13 will counterbalance its weight. To counterbalance a tareweight or to correct the balance of the scale, turn the operatingwheel 66 between the thumb and forefinger, which, through the meshing' worm-wheels 62 and 63, causes the weight 13 to be moved independent of the value-indicating' cylinder 22 to counterbalance such tare-weights or correct the balance of the scale, as the case may be. It is quite important that the arms 3l and 32, which are pivotally mounted upon the beam independent of the Weight-counterbalancing mechanism and are adapted to control the exposure of the sets of value indications by moving the screen 27, should be counterbalanced, inasmuch as said screen 27' is moved a greater or less distance vertically in the arc of a circle during the operation of the machine, and as said arms are pivoted upon what virtuallyconstitutes the scale-beam great care must be exercised in not changing the position of thc horizontal gravity-plane of said scale-beam. Now it will be seen that the movement of arms 30 and 3l is sufficient to vary the gravity-line of the scale-beam and that counterbalance-balls have been placed back of the fulcrum-point of arms 3() and 31 for the purpose of counterbalancing them, and thus preserving the fixed horizontal gravity-plane of the scale, whatever may be the movement of arms 30 and 3l.

The mounting of a member upon a scalebeam, said mem ber being' movable at an angle to the gravity-line of said beam and counterbalancing said member for maintaining the gravity-line of said beam ina fixed position, is believed to be new in the art, and the claims, therefore. should be given a corresliondingly broad and liberal interpretation.

Having now so fully described my invention that others skilled in the art can make and use the same when this exclusive grant shall cease to operate, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-v l. In a scale,a rotary indicator having' a series of sets of indications for indicating' low values and a series of sets of indications for indicating high values, of a shield for covering one or the other of said sets of indications and means controlling' the relative positions of the indicator and shield whereby the indications exposed correspond to the value of the article being weighed; substantially as described.

2. In a scale, the combination of an indicator, load-counterbalancing means connected with and actuated in unison therewith, a plurality of different sets of indications for indieating value at the same rate and means for designating the appropriate set of said indications in accordance with the weight of the article substantially as specified.

3. In a scale, the combination of a loadcounterbalancing means, an indicator having a plurality of sets of indications for indicating value at the same rate and automatic means for designating the appropriate set of said indications; substantially as described.

4. In a scale, the combination of an indicator therefor having a set of indications for indicating low values and a supplemental set of indications for indicating' high values at the same rate and means for automatically designating one or the other of said sets of indications accordingly as the load to be indicated is of high or low value; substantially as specified.

5. In a scale, the combination, of an indicator having' ordinary and supplemental sets of indications, means for counterbalancing load upon said scale, and means for operating said counterbalancing means and simultaneously designating' the appropriate set of said indications to be read in connection with the price designations; substantially as specified.

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be indicated, means for counterbalancing loads on said scale, actuating devices therefor and means controlled by the actuating devices for said counterbalancing means Vfor relatively moving said slotted member ,and said sets of characters for enabling the characters in a different set to be designated; substantial-ly as specified.

7. In a scale, the combination of amovable indicator having ordinary and supplemental sets of indications for indicating value at the same price,counterbalance means for the scale, a designator for designating the characters in each set of said indications, said designator and said indicator being relatively movable to designate indications in one or the other of said sets of indications, and means for automatically moving said designator during the movement of the indicator; substantially as specified.

8. In a scale, the combination oi' a movable indicator having ordinary and supplemental sets of indications, counterbalance means for the scale, adesignator for normally designating the characters in said ordinary set of said indications, and means actuated in unison with said counterbalance means when moved to counterbalance in excess of the value indicated by said ordinary indications for .automatically imparting an independent relative movement to said designator for causing the same to designate said supplemental indications; substantially as specilied,

9. In a scale, the combination of a movable indicator having normal and supplemental sets of indications, counterbalancing means for said scale, a designator for normally designating' said normal set `of indications, said designator being movable to designate said supplemental indications,and actuating means intermedia te one of said two last-named members and said counterbalancing means when .counterbalancing in excess of the amount indicated by said normal set of indications for imparting relative movement to said members to designate the supplemental set of indications; substantially as described.

10. In a scale, the combination of a fulcrumed lever, a load-receiver connected thereto, load-counterbalancing means for said lever, an indicator mounted upon said lever and having normal and-supplementalsets of indications, a designator also mounted on the lever for normally designating said normal set of indications, said designator and indicator being relatively movable to designate said supplemental indications, and means intermediate one of said two last-named members andH said counterbalancing means for counterbalancingin excess of the amount indicated by said normal set of indications for imparting an independent relative movement to said members to cause said supplemental set of indications to be designated, said intermediate means being carried by said lever; substantially as speciiied.

11. In a price-scale, the combination with price-indicating mechanism and a single counterbalance member, ofa series of sets of valueindicating characters carried by said price-indicating mechanism for each different rate per unit, and means independent of said priceindicating mechanism for distinguishing the particular set of value characters which indicates the value of the article counterbalanced, substantially as specified,

12. In a pricey-scale, the combination of a single-weight-counterbalancing member, an indicator having a series of sets oi' value characters thereon for each different rate per unit, and means independent of said indicator and actuated at predetermined intervals Afor automatically distinguishing the particular set of characters which indicate the value of the article, substantially. as specilied.

13. In a price-scale, the combination with a weight-counterbalancing member, of a series of sets of value-indicating characters, each set consisting of a series of rows of characters indicating different quantities at the same rate per "unit, and an indicator operated by said weight-counterbalancing member for designating the particular row which contains the value of the article at a given rate, substantially as specified.

14. In a price-scale, the combination with a beam and poise, of a series oi' rows of valueindicating characters for each different rate per unit, each row indicating different quantities at the same rate, means operated by said poise for designating ,the proper row of characters and one or more price-per-unit characters adapted to indicate the particular charac- IOO ter representing the value of the article, subbeam and poise, of a cylinder having a series.

of rows of value-indicating characters thereon for each different rate per unit, each row representing different quantities at the same rate, and a movable screen for designating the particular row of characters which contains the value of the article, substantially as specified.

16. In a price-scale, the combination with a value-indicating cylinder and a counterbalance mechanism cooperating to counterbalance weight proportionate to the revoluble movement of said cylinder, of a series of peripherical rows of value characters on said cylinder for each different rate per unit, each row representing diii'erent quantities at the same rate, and means for distinguishing the row of characters indicating the value ot' the speciiied.

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17. In a price-scale, the combination with a val Lie-indicator and a counterbalance mechanism cooperating to counterbalance weight proportionate to the revoluble movement of said indicator, of a series of rows of value characters on said indicator for each different rate per unit, each row representing` different quantities at the same rate, and extending completely around said indicator, and means for exposing a dierent row of said characters for each revolution of said indicator, substantially as specified.

18. In a price-scale, the combination with a value-indicating' cylinder and a counterbalance mechanism cooperating to counterbalance Weight proportionate to the revoluble movement of said cylinder, of a series of peripherical rows of value characters on said cylinder i'or each different rate per unit, each row representing different quantities, at the same rate, and extending completely around said cylinder, a screen having an exposing-opening' in a different plane for each row of characters, and means for shifting' said screen at each revolution of the cylinder, substantially as Specified.

19. In a price-scale, the combination with a value-indicating cylinder and a counterbalance mechanism cooperating to counterbalance weight proportionate to the revoluble movement or' said cylinder, of a series of peripherical rows of value characters on said cylinder for each different rate per unit, each row representing different quantities at the same rate and extending completely around said cylinder, a screen having an exposing-opening in a dierent plane for each row of characters, and a lock-gear mechanism intermediate said cylinder and screen for shifting the latter at each revolution of said cylinder, substantially as specified.

20. In a price-scale, the combination with a beam and poise, of a series or' rows of valueindicating characters for each diii'erent rate per unit, each row indicating' quantities at the same rate; and a movable screen for singly exposing' said rows proportionate to the quantity counterbalanced by said poise, substantially as specified.

2l. In a price-scale, the combination with a beam and a longitudinally-movable poise, of a series of rows of value-indicating characters for each different rate per unit, each row indicating different quantities at the same rate; a movable screen for singly exposing said rows proportionate to the quantity counterbalanced by said poise, and means intermediate said poise and screen for operating' said screen, substantially as specified.

22. The combination of a fulcrumed scalebeam, a load-receiver pivotally connected to said beam and load counterbalancing and indicating' mechanism mounted thereon, the weight of said beam and mechanism being' equally distributed on opposite sides of a horizontal imaginary plane passing' substantially through -the pivots of the scale-beam and termed the gravity-plane or' said beam, a member independent of said load counterbalancing' and indicating mechanism and fulcrumed upon said scale beam and moving vertically with reference to said gravity-plane of said beam, and a weight beyond said fulcrum-point of said member for counterbalancing said member and maintaining' the position of said gravity-plane on said scale-beam regardless of the different vertical positions to which said member may be moved with reference to said beam, substantially as specified.

23. The combination of the fulcrumed scalebeam pivotally connected to a load-receiver and supporting' load counterbalancing and indicating mechanisms and having' the weight of said beam and mechanism equally distributed upon opposite sides of a horizontal imaginary plane passing substantially through the pivots of the scale-beam and termed the gravity-plane of said scale-beam, a member independent of the load counterbalancing' mechanism and mounted upon said scale-beam and having' a vertical movement with reference to said gravity-plane of said scale-beam, and means for counterbalancing' the weig'ht of said member and maintaining the position of said gravity-plane on said scale-beam regardless of the different vertical positions to which said member may be moved with reference to said beam, substantially as specified.

24. The combination of a fulcrumed scalebeam, a load-receiver connected to said beam, load counterbalancing and indicating mechanism mounted upon said beam, a member independent ofthe load-counterbalancing' mechanism, said member being' fulcrumed upon said beam and movable at an ang'le with respect thereto for controlling the values adapted to be indicated by said indicating mechanism, anda weight counterbalancing'said member upon its fulcrum, substantially as specified.

25. The combination or' a fulcrumed scalebeam carrying a series of different rows of graduations; a screen pivoted ,to said beam for singly exposing' said graduations, and a weight for counterbalancing' said screen and maintaining the gravity of said scale-beam, substantially as specified.

26. In aprice-scale, the combination with a fulcrumed scale-beam carrying a revoluble value-indicating lcylinder, and a mechanism for counterbalancing weight proportionate to the revoluble movement ot' said cylinder; oi' a series of peripherical rows of value characters on said cylinder for each different rate per unit, each row extending' completely around said cylinder and indicating' dili'erent quantities at the same rate per unit; a screen pivoted upon said beam; an exposing-opening in a different plane upon said screen for each IOO IIO

dierent row of characters; means for shiftl' revoluble graduated cylinder havinga bearing ing said screen at each revolution of said cylinder; and a weight for counterbalancing said screen to maintain the gravity of said scalebeam, substantially as specified.

27. The combination of a series of sets of indicating characters, a reading-slot therefor; a movable screen carried between said characters and their reading-slot;V openings 28 and 29 in said movable screen for each different set of characters; and said openings 28 being in a different plane from the openings 29, substantially as specified.

Q8. The combination of a pivoted beam carrying a revoluble graduated cylinder, a nonrevoluble poise slidingly mounted within said cylinder` and means for impartingonly alongitudinal movement to said poise proportionate to the revoluble movement of said cylinder, substantially as specified.

29. The combination of a pivoted beamcarrying a revoluble graduated cylinder, a stationary guide in said cylinder, anon-revoluble poise sliding on said guide, and means for imparting only a longitudinal movement to said poise proportionate to the revoluble movement of said cylinder, substantially as specified. 30. rlhe combination of a fulcrumed beam carrying' a revoluble graduated indicator, a casing for said indicator carried by said beam, a guide within said casing, a non-revoluble weight Within said casing and sliding on said guide, and a screw extending' within said casing and engaging said weight and having an operating projection extending through and upon the outside of said casing for imparting only a longitudinal movement to said weight sliding on said guide, substantially as specified.

31. The combination of a pivoted beam, a revoluble graduated cylinder carried by a shaft having bearings in said beam, a poise within said cylinder and threaded to said shaft, and means for preventing the revoluble movement of said poise and compelling' its longitudinal movement by the action ofV its threaded connection with said shaft, substantially as specified.

32. The combination of a pivoted scalebeam, a screw-threaded shaft revol ubl y mounted in bearings on said beam, a poise threaded t0 said shaft, a guide engaging said poise for permitting only a longitudinal Amovement thereof, a screw-threaded portion fitting the threads on said shaft, said portion being carried by said poise and having' a slight revolu- Vble movement with reference to said poise, and a spring between said portion 'and poise for compelling the revoluble movement of said portion to compensate for any looseness f between the threads on the shaft and in the poise, substantially as specified.

r33; The combination of a pivoted beam; a

at one end in an opening formed in a portion of said beam and its remaining end having a bearing on an enlarged boss or ring carried by said beam; one or more rigid guideways carried by said boss or ring and extending within said cylinder, a poise slidingly mounted on said guideways, and means for moving said poise longitudinally'proportionate to the revoluble movement of said cylinder, substantially as specified.

34E. The combination of a pivoted beam, a revoluble graduated cylinder supported at one end by a screw -threaded shaft revolubly mounted upon said beam, the remaining end of said cylinder having a bearing on an enlarged boss or ring carried by said beam, one or more rigid guideways carried by said boss or ring and extending within said cylinder, a poise slidingly mounted on said guideways and threaded to vthe shaft which supports and drives said cylinder, substantially as specified.

35. The combination of a fulcrumed scalebeam, a screw-threaded shaft 10 revolubly carand extending within said cylinder to engage said poise 13, substantially as specified.

36. rlhe combination with a weight-counterbalancing mechanism, and an indicator driven thereby, of a worm and worm-wheel forming part of the driving connection between said indicator and.weight-counterbalancing mechanism, whereby the position of said indicator may be varied with reference to said weightcounterbalancing mechanism by adjusting said worm and worm-wheel, substantially as specified. A

37. The combination with a weight-counterbalancing mechanism, and an indicator driven thereby, of a worm-gear carried 4by 'said weight-counterbalancing mechanism, a worm carried by said indicator and .meshing with said worm-gear, and an operating-wheel for moving said worm, substantially as specified.

38. The combination with a fulcrumed beam, of weight-counterbalancing mechanism carried thereby, a toothed member carried by said beam and driven by said mechanism proportionate to the weight counterbalanced, and means independent of said beam and locking with said toothed member when said beam tilts to indicate that the weight has been counterbalanced, whereby the further action of the weight-counter balancing mechanism is prevented, substantially as specified.

39. The combination with a fulcrumed beam, of weight-counterbalancing mechanism carried thereby, a revoluble toothed member carried by said beam and driven by said coun- IIO ' seat near the lower end of terbalaneing mechanism, and a locking projection independent of said beam and adapted to engag'e with the teeth of said member upon the tilting of said beam, substantially as specilied.

40. In a price-scale, the combination with a fulcrumed beam, weight-counterbalancing mechanism carried thereby, and a value-indicator driven by said mechanism, of a revoluble toothed member carried by said indicator, and a locking projection independent of said beam and adapted to eng'age with the teethof said member upon the tilting' of said beam, whereby said indicator is locked from further movement, substantially as speeiiied.

In a price-scale, the combination with a fulerumed beam, a weight-counterbalancing mechanism carried thereby, and a value-indicater driven by said mechanism, of one or more revoluble toothed members car'ied by said indicator, said members being' provided with teeth 67, and one or more locking projections independent of said beam and having teeth 69 adapted to engage with the teeth 67 of said members upon the tilting of said beam, whereby said indicator is locked from further movement, substantially as specified.

42. The combination of a fulcrumed scalebeam having load-supporting' knife-edged pivots carrying an upright rod connected to a platform, a retaining-lever, a fulcrum-pivot for said retaining-lever, an arm extending` beyond said fulcrum of said retaining-lever and adapted to counterbalance said retaining-lever, said arm having' no connection with said scale-beam, a knife-edged load-pivot rigid in said retaining-lever, a knife-edged bearingsaid uprig'ht rod and loosely engaging the knife-edged loadpivot of said retaining-lever, and V-sliaped bearing-seats for the fulerum-pivots of said beam and retaining-lever vertically arranged upon the framework of the scale, substantially as specified.

43. 'Ihe combination of a scale-beam having load and fulcrum pivots, an upright rod carried by said load-pivots, a Weight-receiving member upon the Lipper end of said rod, aretaining-lever, a knife-edged fulcrum and loadpivots rigid in said retaining-lever, and having a series of three or more knife-edges projecting' in different directions, an octagonal bearing-seat for the knife-edged load-pivot of the retaining-lever carried by the lower end of said upright rod, said bearing having a series of substantial V-shaped seats for alternately receiving the knife-edges of said pivots, an arm rigid with said retaining-lever and extending beyond its fulcrum to counterbalance said retaining-lever and its pivots, and bearings for the fulcrum-pivots of the scale-beam and retaining-lever carried by the framework of the scale, substantially as specified.

44. The combination of a scale-beamaaving knife-edged load and fulcrum pivots,-an-u p right rod carried by of said rod, a retaining lever, "knife-edged fulcrum and load pivots rigid in said retaining-lever, a weight carriedby said retaininglever for placing said retaining-lever in balance on its fulcrum-pivot independent of said beam, and having a series of-three or more knife-edges projecting in different directions, a bearing-seat for the load-pivot of the retaining-lever carried by the lower end of said upright rod, said beari ng having a corresponding series of substantial V-shaped seats for alternately receiving the knife-edges of said pivots, and bearings for the fulcrum-pivots of the scale-beam and retaining-lever carried by the framework of the scale, substantially as speciied.

45. In a scale, the combination of a beam fulcrumed upon a frame, a load-receiver, a connection pivotally connected to said beam and connectingsaid load-receiver to said beam, and a cooperating projection and recess carried respectively by said frame and connection, substantially as specified.

46. A bearing consisting of a series of knifeedged portions projecting from different directions and having their knife-edges terminating at the neutral axis of said bearing, and each of said knife-edged portions occupying' a different position along' the neutral axis of said bearing, substantially as specified.

47. rIhe combination of a bearing having' a different directions,said knife-edges terminating at the neutral axis of said bearing, each of said knife-edged portions occupying' a different position along the neutral axis of said bearing, and seats for the knife-edges of said portions, substantially as specified.

48. A b 50 and 5l arranged in line with each other, and

stantially as specified.

49.` A bearing consisting of a seriesof knifeedges 49, 50 and 5l arranged in line with each other, projections 52 having V-shaped seats for the knife-edges 49 and 50, and a projection 53 against which the knife-edge 51 bears, substantially as specified.

50. In a bearing, the combination with av knife-edged pivot, and a bearing portiontherefor, of a recess in which said bearing portion is mounted, said recess having a convex bottom, and means for preventing the endwise displacement of said portion, substantially as specified.

51. In a bearing, the combination witlifaf knife-edged pivot, and a bearing portion there-` for, of a recess in which said bearing portion series of knife-edged portions projecting' from earing consisting of knife-edges 49,v

seats against which said knife-edges bear, sub- 1 is mounted, said recess having a convex bot-- said fulcrum-'pivots,`f*\` weight-receivingmember upon the upper end c IOO IIO

tom ard sides, and a series of pins for prevenflp'w the endwise displacement of said portion, substantially as specified.

52. In abearing, the combination of a knifeedged pivot, a bearing portion 59 vtherefor mounted in a recess 56, having convex sides 57 and a convex bottom 58. recesses 61 in bearing portion 59, and retaining projections loosely engaging in recesses 61, substantially as specifie 53. In a scale, the combination of a knifeedged pivot, a bearing-seat therefor, a support in which said seat is pivotally mounted, and means overlapping a portion of the joints between said seat and support for movably retaining said seat in said support and preventing the insertion of said knife-edge of said pivot in said jointsadjacent said pivot; substantially as specified.

54. In a bearing, he combination of a knifeedged pivot having a knife-edge 7 O below the ordinary edge of said pivot, a tapering knifeedged integral shoulder 7l connecting the knife-edge 7 0 with the ordinary edge of said pivot, and a bearing-seat for said knife-edge 7 0, said integral shoulder 71 being adapted to contact with the edge of said bearing-seat for preventing end thrusts from destroying ythe sensitiveness of the bearing, substantially as specified.

55. In a bearing, the combination of a knifeedged pivot having a knife-edge 7 0 below the ordinary edge of said pivot, a tapering knifeedged shoulder 71 connecting the knife-edge 7 O with the ordinary edge of said pivot, a bearing-seat for said knife-edge 70, a recess in which said bearing-seat is mounted, a hood 7 2 over said knife-edge and its bearing-seat, and a sight-opening 74 in said hood 'for exposing the knife-edge pivot and its bearingseat, substantiallyas specified.

56. In a scale, the combination of a knifeedged pivot, a bearing-support therefor having a hooded part Within which said support is provided with a bearing-seat for said pivot; an opening in each of two opposite sides of said hooded part, through one of which openings said pivot extends and the other of said openings exposing adjacent portions of said pivot and support, and a portion carried by one of said two last-named members and contacting with the other at a point adjacent the knife-edge of said pivot to receive and antiifriztion any end thrust, substantially as speci- 57. In a scale, the combination of a beam or lever havinga knife-edged fulcrum-pivot projecting from opposite sides thereof, oppositely-located bearing-supports for said pivot having hooded parts Within which said support is provided with bearing-seats for said pivot; an opening in each of two opposite sides of each of said hooded parts, through the inner of said openings said pivot extends and the outer two of said openings being adjacent the ends of said pivot and exposing adjacent portions of said pivot and said support, and portions carried by one of said two lastnamed members and alternately contacting with the other of said two members at points adjacent the knife-edge of said pivot to receive and antifriction end thrust of said pivot in opposite directions at different times, substantially as specified. v

58. In a scale, the combination of a knifeedged pivot, a bearing-support having a seat for said pivot, a separate member removably secured to said support, said member having an opening therethrough near the end of said pivot and exposing therethrough adjacent4 parts of said pivot and support, said member and pivot being relatively movable, and a portion carried by one of said two last-named parts adjacent the knife-edge of said pivot to receive and antifriction any end thrust of said pivot, substantially as specified.

59. In a price-scale, the combination of a beam or lever carrying price indications and load counterpoise and designating means for said indications; a knife-edged fulcrum-pivot projecting from opposite sides of said beam, a frame, supports carriedby said-.frame on opposite sides of said beam and provided with bearing-seats for vsaid pivot, a member removably secured to each of said supports and housing the ends of said pivot, and opening in each of said members adjacent the ends of said pivot and exposing therethrough adjacent portions of said pivot and support, said pivot being movable relatively to said members, portions carried by one of said relatively movable parts adjacent the neutral axis of said pivot to receive and antifriction any end thrust of said pivot, and a load-receiver pivotally connected to said beam, substantially as specified.

60. In a price-scale, the combination of a series of sets of characters indicating values at different rates per unit, a second series of characters indicating the units with which said values are to be read, a counterbalance member adapted to indicate said first characters, a third series of sets of characters indicating values at the same rate per unit as said first characters and indicating greater quantities, and means including said counterbalance member for automatically designating said third characters when said member counterbalances quantities greater than indicated by said first characters, substantially as specified.

6l. In aprice-scale, the combinationof a series of sets of characters indicating values at different rates per unit, a second series of charlOO acters indicating the units with which said series of sets of characters indicating values at by said first charact the1 sarle rate per unit as said rst cbiraeters fied. an in ieating greater quantities, an means l includingsaid counterbalaneemeinberforcon- IRA (J' KOEHNE cealing said iirst characters and exposing said Witnesses:

tbird characters when said member counter- K. E. PEIFFER,

balances quantities greater than indicated GEO. W. KEPLER.

ers, substantially as speci- 

